Why is a breast cancer gene (BRCA) test done?
A BRCA gene test is done to find out if you have BRCA gene changes that increase your risk of breast, ovarian, and some other cancers.
You might consider this test if you or your family have certain health problems or risk factors. Examples include having one or more members of your family who've had breast, ovarian, prostate, or pancreatic cancer, being diagnosed with breast cancer before age 50, and having an Ashkenazi Jewish heritage.
You may feel better if the test shows that you don't have a BRCA mutation. If the test shows that you do have a BRCA mutation, you may be able to make some decisions that could reduce your cancer risk.
If you are concerned that you may have a BRCA gene change, talk with your doctor.
How is a breast cancer gene (BRCA) test done?
A health professional uses a needle to take a blood sample, usually from the arm.
How do you prepare for a breast cancer gene (BRCA) test?
The information from a BRCA gene test can have a deep impact on your life. So it's very important to getgenetic counselingbefore you have this test. Agenetic counselorcan talk with you about the test, what the results mean, and your medical and emotional concerns.
If you have a family member who has breast or ovarian cancer, you may want to ask that family member to have a gene test first. If your relative's test finds a changed BRCA gene, you and other family members can then be tested for that specific gene change. A genetic counselor can talk with you about the test and what you might learn from it.
What do the results of a breast cancer gene (BRCA) test mean?
It may take several weeks to get the results of your test.
Normal (negative)
No harmful changes were found in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes.
A negative result and your overall family risk must be considered together. If you have a strong family history of breast, ovarian, or some other cancers like pancreatic or prostate cancer, your cancer risk may be higher than normal even if you have a negative BRCA result.
Abnormal (positive)
BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene changes are present.
Your range of risk will depend on the type of genes you have and your personal and family history.
Uncertain (BRCA variant of uncertain significance, or VUS)
This result may mean that a BRCA gene change is present. Because the result is uncertain, it usually isn't used to determine your care.
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