Shock wave lithotripsy is a way to treat kidney stones without surgery. It is also called extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, or ESWL. This treatment uses sound waves to break kidney stones into tiny pieces. These pieces can then pass out of the body in the urine.
You may get medicine to make you relaxed and help with pain or discomfort.
You will lie on a table. The lithotripsy machine directs sound waves at your stone through a cushion.
The doctor may use a small, flexible tube called a stent. The stent will let the stone pass more easily.
Most people are at the doctor's office or clinic for about 2 hours. You can go back to your normal routine right away.
Most stones pass within 24 hours after the procedure. But it can take as long as several weeks. If you have a large stone, you may need to come back for several treatments. In some cases lithotripsy does not break up the stones. Surgery may be needed to remove them.
Shock wave treatment works for most people who have small kidney stones—either in the kidney or in the ureter.
Procedures can be stressful. This information will help you understand what you can expect. And it will help you safely prepare for your procedure.
Risks of shock wave treatment include:
Shock wave lithotripsy is usually an outpatient procedure. You go home after the treatment and don't have to spend a night in the hospital.
After the procedure, stone fragments usually pass in the urine for a few days and cause mild pain. If you have a larger stone, you may need more shock wave therapy or other treatments.
Lithotripsy is a way to treat kidney stones without surgery. It is also called extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, or ESWL. This treatment uses sound waves to break kidney stones into tiny pieces. These pieces can then pass out of the body in the urine.
You may have a small amount of blood in your urine after this treatment. Your urine may be slightly pink or reddish. The blood in the urine often goes away after 2 days.
You may have a plastic tube inside one of your ureters. Ureters are the tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder. The plastic tube is called a stent. It takes urine from your kidney to your bladder. This lets the stone pass more easily. Your doctor may remove the stent in about a week or two.
Shock wave lithotripsy may be used on a person who has a kidney stone that is causing pain or blocking the urine flow. Stones that are between 4 mm (0.16 in.) and 2 cm (0.8 in.) in diameter are most likely to be treated with ESWL.
The procedure may work best for kidney stones in the kidney or in the part of the ureter close to the kidney. Your surgeon may try to push the stone back into the kidney with a small tool (ureteroscope) and then use the procedure.
Shock wave lithotripsy is usually not used if you:
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) uses shock waves to break a kidney stone into small pieces. These pieces can more easily move through the urinary tract and pass from the body.
For this procedure you lie on a water-filled cushion. X-rays or ultrasound tests are used to locate the stone. High-energy sound waves pass through your body without injuring it and break the stone into small pieces.
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