What is acute stress disorder?

Acute Stress Disorder
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What is acute stress disorder (ASD)?

Acute stress disorder (ASD) is a short-term mental health condition that can happen after a traumatic event. This is an event in which someone is threatened or badly injured, like a car crash. People with ASD may have flashbacks or feel like they're reliving the event. ASD lasts less than 1 month.

What are the symptoms of acute stress disorder (ASD)?

When you have acute stress disorder, you may:

  • Have disturbing memories and dreams about the traumatic event. You may feel like you're reliving the event (flashbacks). Things that remind you of the event can cause this, like smells or noises.
  • Be unhappy often. For instance, you may feel like you can't get joy or satisfaction from life.
  • Feel like nothing is real. For example, you may feel like you're not in your body or that you're watching things from far away. You may not remember important parts of the event.
  • Avoid thoughts about the event. You may stay away from people or places that remind you of the event.
  • Struggle with your emotions. For example, you may have trouble sleeping, feel angry a lot, be on alert for danger, and have trouble focusing.

If your symptoms last longer than 1 month, tell your doctor. You may have another condition called post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

How is acute stress disorder (ASD) diagnosed?

Your doctor will ask you about the traumatic event. You'll also be asked about your symptoms, how long you've had them, and how they affect your life. Your doctor may ask if you have other conditions, like a brain injury.

How is acute stress disorder (ASD) treated?

ASD is treated with counseling. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a common type of counseling for ASD. It focuses on changing certain thoughts and behaviors. This can help with the symptoms. CBT also may help prevent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Medicines are sometimes used to treat ASD.

How can you care for yourself when you have acute stress disorder (ASD)?

  • Be sure to go to your counseling sessions and any follow-up appointments.
  • Follow healthy habits. For example, get plenty of rest and exercise every day. And eat a variety of foods.
  • Avoid drinking and using drugs.
  • Find ways to relax. For example, you could try deep breathing exercises or yoga. Or try getting acupuncture or a massage.
  • Connect with others. Seek out friends and family for support.
  • If your doctor prescribed medicine, take it as directed. Call your doctor if you think you are having a problem with your medicine.
  • Keep track of your symptoms. Let your doctor know if they don't go away after 1 month.

Acute stress disorder (ASD): When to call

Call 911 anytime you think you may need emergency care. For example, call if:

  • You feel you cannot stop from hurting yourself or someone else.

Where to get help 24 hours a day, 7 days a week

If you or someone you know talks about suicide, self-harm, a mental health crisis, a substance use crisis, or any other kind of emotional distress, get help right away. You can:

  • Call the Suicide and Crisis Lifeline at 988.
  • Call 1-800-273-TALK (1-800-273-8255).
  • Text HOME to 741741 to access the Crisis Text Line.

Consider saving these numbers in your phone.

Go to 988lifeline.org for more information or to chat online.

Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if:

  • Your symptoms are getting worse.
  • You have new or worse symptoms of anxiety or depression.
  • You are not getting better as expected.

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The content above contains general health information provided by Healthwise, Incorporated, and reviewed by its medical experts. This content should not replace the advice of your healthcare provider. Not all treatments or services described are offered as services by us. For recommended treatments, please consult your healthcare provider.