Aspirin and other antiplatelets to prevent heart attack and stroke: Overview
Aspirin and other antiplatelet medicines help prevent blood clots from forming. They can help some people lower their risk of a heart attack or stroke.
But these medicines can also make you more likely to bleed. That's why it's important to talk to your doctor before you start taking aspirin every day. It's not right for everyone. And if you and your doctor decide these medicines are right for you, learn how to take them safely.
If you take aspirin, be sure you know how to take it. Your doctor can tell you what dose to take and how often to take it. If you take another antiplatelet, take it as prescribed.
Taking aspirin and other antiplatelets safely: When to call
Call 911 anytime you think you may need emergency care. For example, call if:
- You have a sudden, severe headache that is different from past headaches.
Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if:
- You have any abnormal bleeding, such as:
- A nosebleed that you can't easily stop.
- Bloody or black stools, or rectal bleeding.
- Bloody or pink urine.
- You feel dizzy or lightheaded or feel like you may faint.
Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if you have any problems.
Why are antiplatelets used?
Antiplatelets help lower the risk of a heart attack or stroke.
Antiplatelets may be used by people who:
- Are at high risk for a heart attack or stroke.
- Have coronary artery disease.
- Have peripheral arterial disease.
- Have had or are having a heart attack.
- Have had a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).
What are some examples of antiplatelets?
Here are some examples of antiplatelets. For each item in the list, the generic name is first, followed by any brand names.
- aspirin (Bayer, Bufferin, Ecotrin)
- clopidogrel (Plavix)
- prasugrel (Effient)
- ticagrelor (Brilinta)
This is not a complete list of antiplatelets.
What are the side effects of antiplatelet medicines after a stroke?
These medicines make your blood take longer than normal to clot. This can cause bleeding, and you may bruise easily. In rare cases, they can cause you to bleed inside your body without an injury. If you have an injury, you might have bleeding that is hard to control.
These medicines may have other side effects. Depending on which one you take, you may:
- Have diarrhea.
- Feel sick to your stomach.
- Have a headache.
- Have some mild belly pain.
You may have other side effects or reactions not listed here. Check the information that comes with your medicine.
What are some cautions about antiplatelets?
Cautions for antiplatelets include the following:
- Antiplatelets increase the risk of bleeding and bruising. This could be an emergency.
- Stopping the medicine can increase your risk for a heart attack or stroke. It's important to talk to your doctor before you make any changes in how you take this medicine.
How can you safely take antiplatelet medicines after a stroke?
- Be sure you get instructions about how to take your medicine safely. Blood thinners can cause serious bleeding problems.
- Be safe with medicines. Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you think you are having a problem with your medicine.
- Check with your doctor or pharmacist before you use any other medicines, including over-the-counter medicines. Make sure your doctor knows all of the medicines, vitamins, herbal products, and supplements you take. Taking some medicines together can cause problems.
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