What is bacterial meningitis?

Bacterial meningitis is an infection of the tissues that surround the brain and spinal cord. This serious infection can injure the brain. It can cause death.

Symptoms usually develop suddenly. They start with a fever and a stiff neck but quickly get worse. The infection may involve many different parts of the body. You will be in the hospital for testing and treatment.

How long it takes you to get better depends on how bad the illness is. It can take from just a couple of weeks to many months. You may have changes in how you think or concentrate. Most people with these symptoms get better over time. Be patient. Follow your doctor's instructions.

How long it takes you to get better depends on how bad the illness is. It can take from just a couple of weeks to many months. You may have changes in how you think or concentrate. These symptoms get better over time in most people.

Symptoms of bacterial meningitis most often develop all of a sudden. Babies may be cranky, cry when moved, and arch their back. Young children may have a severe headache and refuse to eat. An older child will also have a stiff neck. Fever is common at all ages.

Treatment takes place in the hospital. Treatment may include:

• Antibiotics to treat infection.
• Medicines to treat other symptoms, such as fever and muscle aches, pressure on the brain, and seizures, if they occur.
• Help with breathing. Your child may have a tube down the throat that is attached to a machine (ventilator).
• Fluids or nutrition through a vein (I.V.).
• Supportive care. Your child will be watched carefully to help prevent serious problems such as hearing loss, seizures, and brain damage.

Doctors use a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to test for bacterial meningitis. A sample of fluid is removed from around the spine. It's then tested to see if it contains bacteria that cause the illness. Your child might also need other tests, such as blood tests, a CT scan, or an MRI.

• If your doctor prescribed antibiotics, take them as directed. Do not stop taking them just because you feel better. You need to take the full course of antibiotics.
• Take an over-the-counter pain medicine, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen (Aleve) for pain or fever. Be safe with medicines. Read and follow all instructions on the label.
• Do not take two or more pain medicines at the same time unless the doctor told you to. Many pain medicines have acetaminophen, which is Tylenol. Too much acetaminophen (Tylenol) can be harmful.
• Get plenty of rest.
• Be sure that anyone who has come into close contact with you during this illness calls a doctor if they feel sick.

Bacterial meningitis (say “meh-nun-JY-tus”) is a serious infection of the tissues that surround the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms usually develop all of a sudden. When you have this infection, it can injure your brain and can cause death. You may need special care, such as being in the intensive care unit (ICU).