What is joint effusion?

You might feel pain when you try to straighten a joint where you have fluid buildup. Your joint may be stiff or swollen.

Your doctor may suggest rest, ice, and raising the joint (elevation) to help with pain and swelling. Your doctor may suggest using nonprescription anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or getting a steroid shot. Or you may need surgery to repair damage.

Your doctor will do a physical exam. You may need an X-ray. You may need other imaging tests, like an ultrasound, MRI, or a CT scan. Your doctor may remove some fluid from your joint to learn more. This is called arthrocentesis. It's done by using a needle to drain fluid from your joint.

Home care can help you manage your symptoms. For example, rest the joint. Use a cold pack and prop up the joint when you sit or lie down. Ask your doctor if you can take an over-the-counter pain medicine, such as acetaminophen or naproxen.

Fluid is normally found in joints such as knees, hips, and elbows. When too much fluid builds up around a joint in your body, it's called joint effusion. When you have this problem, your joint may look swollen.

Many things can cause fluid buildup in a joint. It may be caused by a condition like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or gout. It may also happen because of an infection. Or it can happen because of an injury, like a twisting fall.