Torticollis: Overview
Torticollis is a severe tightness of the muscles on one side of the neck. The tight muscles can make the head turn or lean to one side. And the head may also be pulled forward or backward. It is also called wryneck.
Your doctor asked questions about your health and examined you. You may also have had X-rays or other tests. If your doctor thinks another medical problem is causing your tight neck muscles, you may need more tests.
Torticollis usually gets better with home care. Your doctor may have you take medicine to relieve pain or relax your muscles. The doctor may suggest exercise and physical therapy to help increase flexibility and relieve stress. Your doctor may also have you wear a special collar, called a cervical collar, for a day or two. The collar may help make your neck more comfortable.
Torticollis
Torticollis is a severe tightness of the muscles on one side of the neck. The tight muscles can make the head turn or lean to one side. And the head may also be pulled forward or backward. It is also called wryneck. There are two types, congenital (at birth) and spasmodic.
Congenital torticollis occurs at or shortly after birth. The neck muscle (sternocleidomastoid muscle) is shortened, bringing the infant's head slightly down and to one side. Experts don't know exactly what causes the shortened neck muscle.
Some cases of congenital torticollis are caused by a bone abnormality in the neck portion of the spine (cervical spine).
Spasmodic torticollis (cervical dystonia) occurs when the neck muscle is tight but not short. Dystonia means that there are involuntary movements and prolonged muscle contraction. It may be inherited or it can happen as a side effect of a medicine. Sometimes it's a symptom of another problem.
In children, treatment is needed to prevent the face from growing unevenly. The caregiver is taught how and how often to stretch the child's neck to help relieve torticollis. For severe cases, surgery may be needed.
In adults, treatment includes using heat and massage to help relieve head and neck pain. Stretching exercises and neck braces may help with muscle spasms. Medicines and injections are also used.
How can you care for yourself when you have torticollis?
Do stretches and exercises that your doctor or physical therapist suggests. Try using a heating pad or taking a warm shower. An ice pack or cold pack can help too. If your doctor suggests a cervical collar, wear it as directed.
Torticollis: When to call
Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if:
- You have new or worse numbness in your arms, buttocks, or legs.
- You have new or worse weakness in your arms or legs.
- Your neck pain gets worse.
- You lose bladder or bowel control.
Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if:
- You do not get better as expected.
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